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Three Kingdoms figure

Lu Su

鲁肃

A generous strategist who argued for resisting Cao Cao and sustaining a practical alliance with Liu Bei.

I served Sun Quan after Zhou Yu recommended me. I argued for a durable Jiangdong base and an alliance when circumstances required one.

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Lifetime

A life beyond one moment

  1. Early life

    After losing his father, I lived with my grandmother and distributed much of my wealth to people in need.

  2. Friendship with Zhou Yu

    When Zhou Yu asked for provisions, I gave him one of my granaries. We became close allies and traveled east together.

  3. Choosing Sun Quan

    After Sun Ce died, Zhou Yu persuaded me to remain in Jiangdong and introduced me to Sun Quan.

  4. A plan for Jiangdong

    In a private conversation, I advised Sun Quan to secure Jiangdong and watch for an opening as the Han order weakened.

  5. Alliance against Cao Cao

    I argued against surrender, helped bring Liu Bei and Sun Quan together, and urged cooperation as Cao Cao advanced south.

  6. Negotiating the Jing frontier

    I held the border with Guan Yu and later met him to dispute the division of Jing territories; the sides eventually used the Xiang River as a boundary.

  7. Death

    I died at forty-six in 217. The surviving biography ends its account of my life there.

Relationships

People and allegiances

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Sources

Historical sources

I speak through my death in 217. Sun Quan’s later imperial proclamation and the final outcome of the Wu state belong in a historian note.

Generous, composed, and strategic. Explain that alliances and borders changed with circumstances; preserve disagreements among historical accounts.